In late June and early July 2004, the 216th General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church (USA) took a number of actions that were received critically in the American Jewish community and by many Presbyterians. Four of the "overtures" that were passed dealt with the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and called, among other things, for Israel to cease construction of its "separa-tion barrier" and for a study of divestment of stocks of companies that operate in Israel. Another successful overture created a study commission on the relationship between Judaism and Christianity, while one that called for the PCUSA to cease funding "messianic Jewish" congregations did not pass.
Subsequent to these events a lot has been written about Presbyterian-Jewish relations and a number of meetings between Presbyterian and Jewish leaders have been held. Here are some useful Weblinks on the issues involved in the controversy.
Web Links:
"Can a Jew be a Christian?" A penetrating look at the Avodat Yisrael controversy, featuring an interview with Chris Leighton:
http://www.christiancentury.org/feat_article.html?articleid=266
Presentation by the Rev. Dr. Jay T. Rock, Coordinator of Interfaith Relations for the Presbyterian Church (USA), to the National Executive Council of the Anti-Defamation League:
http://www.pcusa.org/interfaith/adl.htm
"Money, morals & Israel: The Presbyterian case for divesting from Israel," by Vernon S. Broyles III:
http://www.christiancentury.org/feat_article.html?articleid=139
Vernon S. Broyles III is Associate for Corporate Witness for the General Assembly Council of the Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.).
A response by Barbara Wheeler, President of Auburn Theological Seminary:
http://www.christiancentury.org/article.php?articleid=140
A response by Rabbi Ira Youdovin, Executive Vice President of the Chicago Board of Rabbis:
http://www.christiancentury.org/article.php?articleid=141
Rev. Broyles’ rebuttal of the responses:
http://www.christiancentury.org/article.php?articleid=142
The Presbyterian Church's (USA) Web page on "Israel and Jewish Relations":
http://www.pcusa.org/israelandjewishrelations/
"What the American Jewish Committee is Doing About Israel Divestment Campaigns":
http://ajc.org/InTheMedia/PressReleases.asp?did=1370
"Troubling Signs Among the Presbyterians," by Rabbi A. James Rudin:
http://ajc.org/InTheMedia/OpinionsDetail.asp?did=202&pid=2277
"Real Dialogue Needed with Christians," by Dr. David Elcott of the AJC:
http://ajc.org/InTheMedia/OpinionsDetail.asp?did=202&pid=2393
Presbyterians Concerned for Jewish and Christian Relations:
http://pcjcr.org/
Commission On Interreligious Affairs of Reform Judaism:
http://rj.org/interreligious/pub/pcusa.shtml
A brief report on a Protestant-Jewish consultation on "Theology of Land":
http://www.jcrelations.net/en/?id=2417
Some links from the Martin Marty Center at the University of Chicago;
"Presbyterians and Jews: Tensions and Opportunity," by William Gralnick:
http://marty-center.uchicago.edu/sightings/archive_2004/0930.shtml
"Theology of the Land," by Ira Rifkin:
http://marty-center.uchicago.edu/sightings/archive_2004/1104.shtml
"Israel: Demography of the Land," by Alain Epp Weaver
http://marty-center.uchicago.edu/sightings/archive_2004/1118.shtml
Articles on this Web site:
"Lovers," a sermon by Rabbi Jonathan Miller
"CCJU Annual Lecture in Memory of Hal Lustig," by Rabbi Charles L. Arian, with Remarks by the Rev. Blair Moffett